One often overlooked issue affecting seniors is alcohol and medication abuse, which can lead to serious health complications, accidents, and a decline in quality of life. Unfortunately, the signs of misuse are frequently mistaken for normal aging, leaving many cases undetected until a crisis occurs.

At Grand Oaks Senior Living, we believe that healthy aging involves not only physical care but also emotional and mental well-being. By raising awareness and providing actionable guidance, we aim to empower families to intervene early and seek support.

Why Seniors Face Increased Risk of Alcohol and Medication Abuse

1. Physiological Changes

As we age, our bodies metabolize alcohol and medications differently. According to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA):

• Alcohol stays in the system longer, increasing intoxication and impairment even with small amounts.
• Liver and kidney function decline, making it harder to process medications safely.
• Brain sensitivity increases, raising the risk of confusion, falls, and memory problems.

2. Polypharmacy or Multiple Medications

It’s normal for seniors to take multiple prescriptions to manage their health conditions. However, families should be aware of the increased risks associated with polypharmacy (the regular use of five or more medications at the same time):

• Dangerous drug interactions (for example, mixing painkillers with alcohol).
• Accidental overdose due to confusion over dosages.
• Dependence on sedatives, opioids, or sleep aids.

3. Social and Emotional Factors

Life changes such as retirement, loss of loved ones, or chronic pain can lead to self-medication with alcohol or misuse of prescription drugs. Isolation and depression further compound the risk. Be proactive about managing stress as you or your loved one ages and develop healthy coping skills.

Signs of Medication Misuse in Older Adults

Many seniors rely on medications for pain, anxiety, or sleep — but misuse can happen accidentally or intentionally. As caregivers, be aware of both behavioral indicators and physical and cognitive symptoms.

• Behavioral indicators include using medication to cope with stress or loneliness, seeking prescriptions from multiple providers, regularly requesting early refills, and appearing overly sedated or unusually energetic.
• Physical and cognitive symptoms can manifest as excessive drowsiness or slurred speech, digestive issues, memory problems or confusion, and dizziness.

Opioid, Benzodiazepine, and Sleep Aid Abuse

According to the American Addiction Centers, opioids, benzodiazepines, and sleep aids are among the most misused medications in older adults, often due to a lack of awareness of dependency risks, poor communication between doctors, and self-medication. Take care and caution if prescribed these medications.

How Families Can Help: 5 Steps to Take if You Suspect Misuse

1. Observe and document changes. Keep notes on drinking patterns, medication use, and behavioral shifts. Look for physical signs such as slurred speech, unsteady walking, and weight loss.
2. Start a supportive conversation. Avoid accusations. Instead, use “I” statements (“I’ve noticed you’ve been tired lately – are you feeling okay?”). Express concern for their health rather than point blame.
3. Consult a healthcare provider. A doctor can review medications for potential interactions or overprescription, screen for alcohol use disorder, and recommend safer alternatives for pain or sleep. Grand Oaks offers consultative services affiliated with Johns Hopkins, ensuring our residents have access to high-quality medical care.
4. Explore treatment and support options. Therapy or counseling can address underlying depression or anxiety. Medication-assisted treatment (MAT) for opioid or alcohol dependence and support groups such as Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), Narcotics Anonymous (NA), or Self-Management and Recovery Training (SMART) can support recovery.
5. Secure medications and limit alcohol access. Use pill organizers to prevent accidental misuse. Lock up medications if there’s a risk of intentional overdose. Remove alcohol from the home if moderation is a challenge.

Grand Oaks Helps You Age Well

At Grand Oaks, we prioritize holistic care that addresses both physical and emotional needs. If you’re worried about a loved one’s alcohol or medication use, early action can prevent a crisis.

Our exceptional care team is trained to recognize the signs of substance misuse and provide discreet, compassionate support to residents and families. Remember, recovery from substance abuse is possible! Through awareness and action, together, we can end alcohol and medication abuse.